安全通行证 | Letter of safe conduct CN

安全通行证是一份特殊文件（地区法院的决定），确保被告或嫌疑人在满足法律规定的条件下，可以在刑事诉讼程序的最终结论之前自由行动并参与程序活动。在安全通行证发出后，不得对其进行任何形式的拘留，如逮捕、强制传唤或临时拘留等。

安全通行证可以在准备阶段（针对嫌疑人）申请，也可以在法院审理期间（针对被告）申请。安全通行证仅能对已在诉讼中被指控的人发出。在准备程序阶段，检察官、嫌疑人或其辩护律师可以提出安全通行证的申请。在后者的情况下，需要检察官不反对该申请。在司法程序阶段，申请安全通行证的发起人可以是法院、被告或其辩护律师。

为了使一名正在进行刑事诉讼的人获得安全通行证，该人必须：

• 居住在波兰以外（无论是永久居住还是暂时居住，居住理由无关紧要）；
• 做出声明，表示将在指定日期根据法院传唤出庭，在准备程序阶段，还要根据检察官的传唤出庭（实践中，声明通常作为提交申请的附件，并以书面形式提交）；
• 返回波兰，设立在波兰的住所，并未经法院许可不得离开；
• 不得诱导虚假证词或解释，且不得以任何其他非法方式妨碍刑事诉讼。

对于被请求引渡的人，不可能发出安全通行证。如果已经发出欧洲逮捕令（EAW），同样也无法申请安全通行证。如果在提出引渡请求或发布欧洲逮捕令后，被告请求发出安全通行证，则可以撤回请求，撤销临时拘留，并发出安全通行证。由于同样的原因，不能要求引渡已获得安全通行证的被告；在这种情况下，法院发出的安全通行证决定排除了适用临时拘留，而临时拘留是引渡请求的前提条件。

Kopeć & Zaborowski律师事务所 在处理安全通行证相关案件的服务范围包括：

• 详细讨论安全通行证的制度、其适用性、应用范围以及由此产生的权利和义务；
• 分析有意申请安全通行证的人的法律和事实情况；
• 准备安全通行证的申请；
• 协助准备作为申请附件的相关声明；
• 联系负责案件的检察官，并安排检察官申请安全通行证或不反对发出安全通行证；
• 积极参与有关安全通行证发出的听证会；
• 起草针对拒绝发出安全通行证、撤销安全通行证或裁定没收或收取保释金的投诉。

我们的服务面向：

• 希望申请安全通行证的人；
• 根据欧洲逮捕令被起诉的人；
• 被拒发安全通行证的人；
• 正在进行引渡程序的人。

A letter of safe conduct is a special document (a decision of the district court) that ensures that a defendant or suspect remains at liberty and participates in procedural activities until the final conclusion of criminal proceedings, if he meets the conditions set by law. After the issuance of a letter of safe conduct, deprivation of liberty in any form, such as by arrest, ordering arrest and compulsory bringing or detention on remand in the case in which the letter was issued, is not permitted.

A letter of safe conduct can be applied for at the preparatory stage (against the suspect) as well as during the proceedings before the court (against the defendant). A letter of safe conduct can only be issued against a person who has already been charged in the proceedings. At the stage of preparatory proceedings, a request for the issuance of a letter of safe conduct can be made by the prosecutor, as well as by the suspect and his defense counsel. In the latter case, it is necessary that the prosecutor does not object to the application. At the stage of judicial proceedings, the initiator of the proceedings for the issuance of a letter of safe conduct is the court or the defendant and his defense counsel.

In order for a letter of safe conduct to be issued to a person against whom criminal proceedings are pending, the person:

• must reside outside Poland (regardless of whether the stay is permanent or temporary and what the grounds are);
• must make a statement that he or she will appear on a specified date at the summons of the court, and in preparatory proceedings also at the summons of the prosecutor (in practice, the statement is usually an attachment to the submitted application and is in writing);
• will return to Poland, establish a place of residence in the country and will not move away from it without permission of the court;
• will not induce false testimony or explanations and will not seek to otherwise unlawfully obstruct criminal proceedings.

It is not possible to issue a letter of safe conduct to a defendant for whom extradition has been requested. The same applies if a European Arrest Warrant has been issued. In the case where, after an extradition request has been made or a European Arrest Warrant has been issued, the defendant has requested the issuance of a letter of safe conduct, there is no obstacle to withdrawing the request, revoking detention on remand and issuing a letter of safe conduct. For the same reasons, it is not possible to request extradition of a defendant who has been issued a letter of safe conduct; in such a case, the court’s decision to issue a letter of safe conduct precludes the application of detention on remand, which is a prerequisite for making an extradition request.

In the field of cases related to the issuance of a letter of safe conduct, Kopeć & Zaborowski Law Firm offers:

• detailed discussion of the institution of a letter of safe conduct, its admissibility, scope of application and the powers and obligations arising from it;
• analysis of the legal and factual situation of a person who would like to apply for the issuance of a letter of safe conduct;
• preparation of an application for the issuance of a letter of safe conduct;
• assistance with the preparation of the relevant statement attached to the application;
• contacting the prosecutor in charge of the case and making arrangements for the prosecutor to apply for a letter of safe conduct or not to object to the letter of safe conduct;
• actively participating in the hearing on the issuance of a letter of safe conduct;
• drafting a complaint against the decision to refuse to issue a letter of safe conduct, to revoke a letter of safe conduct, or to rule on the forfeiture or collection of assets granted under a bail.

We direct our services to:

• persons who wish to apply for a letter of safe conduct;
• persons prosecuted under the European Arrest Warrant;
• persons who have been refused a letter of safe conduct;
• persons against whom extradition proceedings are pending.